Packing.



PATENTED AUG. 28, 1906.

P. SGHOU.

PAGKING.

uruouxon FILED NOV 2a, 1904.

[7a (/L major.

m'zness 6s.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. as, 190s.

Application filed Hovambnr 28, 1904. licrlal'lllov 2841086.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, PAUL'SoHoU, civil engineer, a citizen of the Kingdom of Denmark,

residing at No. 257 Vesterbrogade, Co onhagen, V., in the Kingdom of Denmark, ave invented certain new and useful Imlprovements in Packing Devices; and I do ereby declare the followin to be a full, clear, and exact description the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same,'reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to letters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

The present invention refers to packing devices (rings, disks tubes, and the like) consisting of a core 0 liquid or semiliquid matter (water, glycerin, oil, or alike) and a soft elastic cover (indie-rubber, caoutchouc,woven' fabric, or alike) inclosing the said liquid core.

Owing to the elasticity of the cover and to its intimate touch everywhere with the inclosed liquid core the principal feature of the present packing device will consist in its capability of transmitting instantaneously and evenly in all directions any pressure exerted on the outside of the packing, even if this pressure be only a very small one. At the same time the packing remains perfectly incompressible as far as its volume is concerned. It only alters its shape when exposed to exterior pressure and again assumes its original shape when the pressure is removed.

As the present packin devices are closed up and corhfpletely finis ed before use, the tightening c act can only be produced by an outside pressure, either by mechanical means or by means of the pressure existing in the working room or by both means combined.

The liquid used must be of such a kind that it does not by the existing temperature develop steam or gas which would prevent a direct touch between the li uid core and the cover, and thus do away with the incompressibility.

The accompanying drawings illustrate various forms of the packing device.

Figures 1 and 2 show a disk, and Figs. 3 and 4 a ring, res actively, in top view and in cross-section. ig. 5 represents a tube in longitudinal section and which can be bent into a ring.

a is the liquid-core, and b the cover. The thickness of the cover can, as shown in Figs.

3 and 4, be different in different parts of the disk or rin The edges a may e sharp or rounded o The profile is indifierent and depends upon the cross-section of the place where the packing is to be employed.

In Fig). 5 the cover b is a tube open in both ends. ne end of the tube is closedby a plug d, (filled with liquid and havin an elastic cover,) leaving the extremity e o the tube free. The other end is closed with a similar but somewhat longer lug Hart of which projects outside the tul e. en the tube is bent into a ring, the free end of the plug f can be introduced into the part e of the tube 8 other end, and the whole will be closed and act as the ring shown in Figs. 3 and 4.

The employment of liquld and semili uid substances in packing devices is not new ut hitherto the covers have generally been made of metal, or the packin devices when the covers consisted of an e astic material were either partly filled with liquid or with aircontaining liquid after they had been placed in lposition, or liquid was pressed throughthe ho ow space of the packing b means of a pumping device or the like. I metal covers or covers not completel filled with li uid are used, it will be impossi le to obtain t esame result as with the present packi devicesviz. local sensitiveness even by t e smallest pressure in combination with total incompressibility, and consequently instantaneous and equal distribution of the pressure. As has been proved by numerous ex eriments, a perfect ti htness by, a minimal riction to an extent hitherto unknown is obtained by the resent invention.

T e nature of the liquid or of the cover is irrelevant to the invention. It is also without importance whether the cover is made in one iece or made up of several parts, also whet er it is homogeneous or consists of two or several layers of different substances if it olpllly be soft, elastic, and relatively speaking, t

What is considered the invention and what it is desired protected by United tates Letters Patent, is-

1. A yielding hollow sealed packing filled with a liquid of substantially unalterable volume.

2. An elastic hollow sealed acking filled, with an incompressible liquid of substantially constant consistenc under varying 'tem egature conditions, an stantially as descrl e 3. A sealed elastic hollow acking filled with lycerin, substantially as escribed 4. a closed elastic hollow packing entirely filled with a substantially incompressible fluid 5 said fluid sealed therein.

5. A closed elastic hollow rubber packing filled with a liquid said liquid sealed therein.

6. A hollow packing having separate internal chambers and each chamber filled with no a liquid.

7. An elastic hollow ackin having end chambers and interme iate c ambers and each chamber filled with a liquid.

8. An elastic hollow packing-tube having 15 end chambers fitted liquid-tight therein to form a chamber intermediate of them one of the chambers projectin from one end of the tube, the other a slig t distance from the other end, so that the projecting chamber can enter the other end of said tube when bent into a ring, and all of the chambers filled with a liquid.

In testlmon that I claim the foregoing as my mvention have signed my name in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

PAUL SCHOU.

Witnesses:

A. HOFMAN SAWYER, ALBERT S.'MIOHELSON. 

